For purposes of the content analysis, intercourse ended up being understood to be any depiction of sex

Only a few product that has been taped had been coded. As our focus had been on scripted development, we excluded news that is daily, game shows, sports programs and activities, and paid development, also all kinds of commercials along with other promotions ( e.g., teasers for network programs). Although music videos had been taped, these were coded and analyzed individually because of the unique faculties and tend to be maybe maybe not reported right right here. The analyses delivered in this paper, nevertheless, do through the video that is nonmusic from cable music activity stations including talk shows, variety/comedy shows, and truth shows.

In addition, implies that had been incomplete simply because they started before 3:00 p.m. or ended after 11:00 p.m. are not coded. Finally, episode repeats had been eradicated through the test.

The last test for the 2001 2002 period contains 1,276 unique system episodes, whereas the last test when it comes to 2002 2003 season included 1,439 unique system episodes. The sample when it comes to 2nd content analysis ended up being significantly bigger than the initial year’s sample even as we produced concerted work in 12 months 2 to ensure we had three episodes of every nonsyndicated show. Despite strict adherence into the sampling plan, extra taping ended up being needed whenever, as an example, brand new programs joined the autumn lineup following the start of new season to replace for cancelled programs or whenever time and time slot for a set ended up being changed.

The codebook when it comes to bigger research had been based considerably regarding the variables produced by Kunkel and peers (1999, 2001, 2003) within their content analyses conducted for the Kaiser Family Foundation.

We created extra products, including those on exact exact same intercourse behavior that is intimate sexual talk pertaining to nonheterosexuals. Contrary to Kunkel and peers, whom utilized the scene due to the fact main device of analysis, our content analyses involved coding for intimate content in 2 moment periods of system time. Because scenes differ significantly in total and, therefore, try not to offer a continuing device of measure in making evaluations across programs, we utilized a standard coding product predicated on time. Coding news development in designated time periods has been utilized often by other scientists conducting analyses that are content different system genres including films, detergent operas, and music videos (Hazan, Lipton, & Glantz, 1994; Lowery, 1980; Roberts, Christenson, Henriksen, & Bandy, 2002; Roberts, Henriksen, & Christenson, 1999; Sommers Flanagan, Sommers Flanagan, & Davis, 1993; Stockwell & Glantz, 1997; Terre, Drabman, & Speer, 1991).

For purposes with this content analysis, intercourse had been thought as any depiction of sexual intercourse, intimately suggestive behavior, or any speak about sex or activity that is sexual. To be conservative and prevent overcoding content that is sexual messages about sex were differentiated from nonsexual communications linked to love and relationships, that have been maybe maybe not coded. As an example, a declaration such as “Everyone loves my boyfriend” wouldn’t be coded whereas adult sex chat a declaration such as “I made want to my boyfriend” is coded.

Exact exact Same intercourse intimate behavior

Every 2 moment period that were coded as containing a minumum of one form of sexual activity monitored in the primary coding task flirting, kissing, intimate touching, intercourse suggested, sexual activity depicted, as well as other intimate behavior 2 was additionally evaluated when it comes to presence of same sex intimate behavior. Because of this product, programmers utilized a yes/no response format to point whether some of the sexual behavior depicted into the period took place between two different people associated with the sex that is same.

Speak about nonheterosexual issues that are sexual

Each 2 minute period that have been coded as containing a minumum of one example of talk through the intimate talk groups utilized in the primary coding task ( ag e.g., commentary about own/others’ intimate actions or passions, speak about intercourse which have currently occurred, speak about sex crimes) had been additionally coded for whether some of the intimate talk regarding nonheterosexuals. With this product, programmers once once once again utilized a yes/no response format to indicate whether some of the talk that is sexual the intimate passions or issues of nonheterosexual individuals. Frequently, such feedback pertaining to gays and lesbians, although periodically they certainly were related to bisexuals.